ABSTRACT
Objective The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the health status of Asian immigrants in Canada and the associated factors. Methods Using data from the 2003 Canadian Community Health Survey, a descriptive analysis was performed to estimate the frequency of health associated factors among different populations. Age-standardization rates was also used to compare the prevalence of chronic conditions among Asian immigrants, other immigrants and native residents. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted Odds ratio (0R) associated with each health outcome and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) after controlling for potential confounding factors. Results After age-standardization, Asian immigrants had a similar prevalence of 1-5 chronic conditions and a lower prevalence of 5+ chronic conditions (3.56%) compared with non-immigrants (5.31%). Asian immigrants were less likely to report any chronic disease (0R=0.49, 95% CI: 0.46-0.51) than non- immigrants (0R=1.00). Recent Asian immigrants were less likely to report any chronic condition (0R=0.34, 95% CI: 0.31-0.37) than long-term Asian immigrants (0R=0.62, 95% VI: 0.58-0.66). After adjusting for socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors, Asian immigrants had a slightly changed risk of four chronic conditions with exception of heart disease. Conclusion Asian immigrants had lower risk of chronic conditions as a whole, however, these health advantages decreased along with increasing length of residence in Canada. Socioeconomic factors and lifestyles cannot fully explain the differences of health status between Asian immigrants and non-immigrant Canadians reported in this paper.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the factors affecting the long-term survival of patients with carcinoma of esophagus and gastric cardia after curative resection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 906 patients with carcinoma of esophagus and gastric cardia treated by radical resection in 1996 - 2004 were analyzed retrospectively. Twelve clinicopathological factors possibly influencing survival were encoded and assessed by Cox regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 1-, 3- and 5-year cumulative survival rates were 89.8%, 75.4% and 71.7%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that age, length of tumor, pathological differentiation, number of metastatic lymph nodes, depth of invasion, involvement of adjacent organs and the TNM stage influenced the prognosis significantly (P < 0.01). However, multivariate analysis showed that pathologic differentiation, number of metastatic lymph nodes, involvement of adjacent organs and TNM stage were independent prognostic factors (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The independent prognostic factors of the patients with carcinoma of esophagus and gastric cardia are pathologic differentiation, TNM stage, number of metastatic lymph nodes, and involvement of adjacent organs. The other factors influencing survival are age, length of tumor and depth of invasion. Furthermore, invasion of adjacent organs suggests worse prognosis, and should be followed-up closely.</p>